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Education of home care clients in the use of alternative methods
PECHOVÁ, Aneta
The bachelor thesis work is divided into two parts. The first part presents the characteristics of the alternative methods that are used most often. The other one is aimed at the methods that use the medical care at the clients in home care agencies. The theoretical part is dedicated to the complete information that defines basic possibilities of the further curative and additional alternative methods and that can be used by a nurse in practice or to educate a client in an acceptable way. In the practical part there are results elaborated by the method of qualitative inquiry. Four targets are determined here. The main one is aimed at disclosure of phenomena in area of nurses and clients education; in scope of usage of alternative methods in consequence of their cooperation. The aim of this work is to find whether nurses are educated enough to be able to use alternative methods that are applied in nursing. In addition, whether a nurse is able to educate a client as to alternative methods and possibilities of their application. Moreover, we would like to find whether clients are interested in alternative nursing methods and possibilities how to utilize alternative treatment; simultaneously with usage of these knowledge in practice. To realize our aims we used the method of "semistructural" interview that was most suitable owing to the qualitative access to the point. We could not use another method of "semistructural" interview with clients because of disagreement of the addressed clients. The experimental group was made up of nurses working for home care agencies in Jindřichův Hradec, Prachatice and Tábor. We interviewed the nurses about their educative abilities and strategies used in the field of alternative methods. To fix the results of the inquiry we made up an audio-record and written record. Then, the results were analyzed in detail; a code-method was used. The research proved that the nurses do not take advantage of their educative abilities fully. The reasons for this state: the nurses are not motivated in a sufficient way or their employers do not enable them to obtain an appropriate education. From the analyzed nurses´ questionnaires is perceptible that clients are interested in alternative methods and they are able to collaborate with nurses in this poit of view. The application of alternative methods in health care demands further education of nurses in this field. These methods are put in the foreground of the complex care of a client. The obtained pieces of knowledge can be used for better informedness of nurses and bring them some new information for their occupation and, in addetion to that, to show them some other possibilities of cooperation with a client. Additionally, they can open new room for other research work.
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Prerequisites for the work of nurses in a hospice
KNĚŽKOVÁ, Klára
The philosophy of our hospices is the human and professional attitude, also team work of all caring. It focuses on ensuring the quality of life in incurably ill until its end. Hospices are slowly getting into people ´s minds; they are becoming the part of care. Yet, general opinion of healthcare workers, also nurses, is still distorted. It is often said that mostly believers or those who do not have sufficient feeling of satisfaction in their personal life go to work in hospices. The view of these nurses on dying could have been changed by education, the more profound study of the problems concerning the care for dying. The thesis is focused on nurses in hospice care. The aim was to find out the real motivation of nurses who decided to work in a hospice. The next aim was to find out if the education of nurses influences their attitudes to the care of ill and dying. Three hypotheses were stated: Religious persuasion is a crucial factor for the nurse ´s choice to work in hospice. The work in hospice is sought out by nurses in connection to the failures in their personal lives. The attitude of nurses to the care of terminally ill depends on their education.Research group was created by 107 nurses from all Czech from sick-bed hospices (including manager nurses). The form of quantitative research by questionnaire method was used.The results of the research might be used for the understanding of nurse role development in palliative and hospice care and for the creating of nurse profile in hospice care. Further, it can contribute to the creation of standard requirements on nurses who are recruited to a hospice.
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Patient awareness of anesthesia prior to a planned surgery through the eyes of the patients and the anesthesiology nursesnurse.
HERMANNOVÁ, Blanka
Patient awareness of anesthesia prior to a planned surgery through the eyes of the patients and the anesthesiology nurses Abstract This Bachelor{\crq}s thesis focuses on the research and evaluation of the level of patient awareness of the progress of anesthesia prior to a planned surgery. The awareness of anesthesia is evaluated from the point of view of the patient and the anesthesiology nurse. The scope of the thesis also includes the issue of proper communication with the patient and the importance of winning his trust to the medical personnel during the general preparation for the surgery as well as in the course of his hospitalization. It also shows the patient{\crq}s opinions on the acquisition of information on anesthesia, which would certainly alleviate his fear of the surgery. This Bachelor{\crq}s thesis is primarily based on a quantitative survey of opinions of patients and anesthesiology nurses, conducted in the form of anonymous questionnaires in which both groups expressed their views on the specific hypotheses. The key purpose of the thesis is to confirm the hypotheses, which assume that patients are not given sufficient information on their anesthesia, in spite of their interest in obtaining better knowledge of the anesthetic process. Hypothesis 2, i.e. ``Patients are interested in information from the anesthesiology nurse,{\crq}q cannot be confirmed because, based on the survey, patients prefer doctors to anesthesiology nurses as the source of information. On the basis of the survey, the thesis confirms hypothesis 1, i.e. ``Patients are not informed about the progress of anesthesia by the anesthesiology nurse.{\crq}q The low share of anesthesiology nurses in the patient{\crq}s education prior to a planned surgery is demonstrated by the opinions of the participating anesthesiology nurses, whose share is extremely low and mostly involves situations just before the planned surgery, when the patient is already lying in the surgery room. As regards hypothesis 3, i.e. ``Anesthesiology nurses are not interested in informing the patients of the progress of anesthesia prior to a planned surgery,{\crq}q it is confirmed that anesthesiology nurses are really not interested in educating the patients for many reasons, such as their large workload, lack of time, insufficient motivation and unsatisfactory financial reward. As a possible solution, we have suggested a patient education standard for anesthesiology nurses and an information leaflet for patients, which could help them understand the progress of preparation for anesthesia and the possibilities of anesthesia in general. In no case should the leaflet substitute personal education by an anesthesiology nurse; its purpose is only to serve as on instruction for the patient to prepare questions which he would like to ask before the surgery.
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Psoriasis as a stigma
SLÁDKOVÁ, Tereza
For elaborating my thesis I have chosen the topic: {\clqq}Psoriasis like stigma``. Taking into consideration that at present the public is interested in a number of diseases I would like more attention is paid to this stigmatized affection. I hold my interest in focusing my thesis on the stigmatization, because I know from clients with psoriasis that they really feel quite a number of problems in certain areas. My thesis is focused on two wholes, namely on theoretical and empirical parts. The first part of the theoretical part deals with problems of psoriasis, its forms, initiating mechanisms, manifestations and methods of treatment of this disease. The second part of the theoretical part deals with stigma, explanation of the concept stigma, what is the attitude of the society towards psoriatics, what is their position in their families, in work etc. In the empirical part my goal was to find out, whether the people with psoriasis are stigmatized and in which areas of life the psoriatics perceive their disease like stigma, whether they feel restricted in partnerships, working relationships and leisure time activities. Within a quantitative survey the data collection technique was applied {--} a questionnaire. The questionnaire was intended for the clients with psoriasis enlisted especially through the direct contact from the server www.lupenka.cz, further relatives, acquaintances and clients of Hospital České Budějovice. Overall 94 questionnaires were distributed. The questionnaire consisted of 34 questions concerning hypotheses. The clients with psoriasis introduced they feel restricted the most within the leisure time activities. In the empirical part I was gratified that the general nurses and physician have a great credit of psoriatics{\crq} awareness of their disease and help them to cope with the disease. I see the greatest problem in lack of information on psoriasis of the public. This disclosure leads to take a think of an improvement of the public awareness of this disease. As a proposal of this problem solution I propound to inform the public more so that the people get to know more information on psoriasis not only from physicians and nurses, but also from patients themselves being afflicted with the disease. The survey results can further serve as grounds for further study of the problems.
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The Child with obezity - The education of parents
MRZENOVÁ, Jindra
A child with obesity - education of parents In recent years children obesity is taking the character of worldwide epidemics. This tendency is among others caused by the change of eating habits and composition of diet rich in fats and sugars. The occurrence of obesity is further caused by gene base of a child and lifestyle in which the physical activity of children is decreasing and children spend their free time especially in front of televisions and computers. Obesity itself worsens health state and the life quality of a child, who consequently suffers from health and psychical problems. These children are often exposed to laughter and bully by their contemporaries. This condition leads to their effacing themselves to seclusion, feelings of anxiety; the children become solitaires and compensate everything by higher intake of food. Obesity in children is a very hardly curable diagnosis. In quite a lot of them combating obesity is not successful and obesity outlasts in adulthood. Health complications as disorders of joints, diabetes mellitus, high blood pressure or various heart problems are also linked to this disorder. A nurse plays an important role in care of children with obesity. Together with a doctor she works on detecting children with obesity and his or her preventive actions can lead to decreasing of risks and complications connected with children obesity. A nurse educates children and parents about the problem of obesity, possible consequences and complications connected with this diagnosis, and provides advice and emotional support at changes of lifestyle of obese children and their families. The thesis was processed using quantitative research by the method of questioning and the technique of a questionnaire. Researched group was composed of children with obesity or overweight children and their parents. Questionnaires were distributed in outpatient clinics of general practitioners for children and teenagers and also children hospitalized in teaching hospital in Pilsen. We chose two aims of the thesis. First we wanted to find out the parents´ informedness of the problem of obesity and second to find out lifestyle in the family with an obese child. We can conclude that parents are informed of the problem and complications of obesity; however they do not follow healthy lifestyle. Further we chose three hypotheses. Parents are informed of the problem of obesity. This hypothesis was proved. Parents are not informed of complications in connection with obesity in their children. This hypothesis was disproved. Children with obesity do not follow healthy lifestyle principles. This hypothesis was also proved. The results of this thesis research can serve as a study material and are offered to parents who participated in the research.
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The role of primar nurse in prevention of obezity by children
PULZOVÁ, Alena
Obesity is ranked among the grave world health problems and its prevalence is still increasing. Children's obesity presents dangerous problem not only in advanced countries of the world. The Czech Republic is in the first place in Europe in distribution of children{\crq}s obesity. The fight against this disease is not apparently so difficult. Mostly it is enough only change our lifestyle painlessly, meal plan and do some sport activity. People who suffer from obesity should make an appointment with their doctor and discuss it too. On the other hand, much easier is to predate this disease and exactly in this case is really important the role of a nurse. The theoretic part of this work is focused on the actual state of children{\crq}s obesity. The next part is about division of children age, nutrition at this age, definition of the obesity, its causes and complications. The last part is focused on the role of a nurse in prevention, diagnostic and treatment of this illness. It was applied the form of checklists to quantitative research. Questions were destined for nurses in the primer care in České Budějovice, Strakonice, Prachatice, Jindřichův Hradec, Písek and in other smaller towns. The first aim of this work was find out what awareness of nurses in the primer care in prevention of children{\crq}s obesity is. The next aim was find out if nurses are actively participant in prevention of children{\crq}s obesity. Both of these aims were discharged. The first hypothesis should testify the awareness of nurses in the primer care in prevention of children{\crq}s obesity. The second hypothesis should testify that nurses are not actively participant in prevention of children{\crq}s obesity. Both of these hypothesis were discharged either. I have chosen the work on the topic: ``The role of the primer nurse in prevention of children{\crq}s obesity{\crqq} because recently this topic is very actual and also I am very interested if nurses really try to predate this disease by children.
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